Physiologie

"An insightful guide to keep your glucose at bay, prevent metabolic alterations, such as insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes, and improve your body composition. Are glucose and insulin in our bodies merely to harm us? Are carbohydrates and sugar guilty of making us fat or sick? Are sugar spikes really as damaging as we've been told? Surely you have asked yourself such questions. Chronic blood sugar alterations are at the core of many diseases today, but most people don't know how they affect the organism. In his new book, Isamel Galancho explains how glucose and insulin work, and why we have come to misunderstand the relationship between sugar or carbohydrates and common ailments in the 21st century. In this book you will: find the most common mistakes we make in limiting certain foods around sugar peaks; understand why measuring your glycemic response after a meal could damage your health instead of improving it; learn the real causes for common metabolic alterations, such as insulin resistance, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. Learn practical tools to keep yourself as far away as possible from metabolic disorders. With Balance Your Glucose, you will enjoy food with flexibility and fear free, away from severe restrictions and strict diets, and you will enjoy an excellent metabolic health."--Publisher annotation.

A research-backed guide to healing your gut and boosting immunity.<BR><BR> Did you know that 70 percent of the immune system resides in the gut? As Dr. Michelle Schoffro Cook explains, a healthy, microbially balanced gastrointestinal tract is one of the biggest keys to warding off and fighting infectious diseases.<BR><BR> In this practical guide, Dr. Cook shares tools and hands-on methods to transform your gut health for greater immunity and well-being. Distilling the most recent research, she explains the connection between GALT (gut-associated lymphoid tissue) and a strong gut-immune relationship. She offers methods to assess your gut health and select which healing approach would be best. She explores some of the main illnesses, conditions, and disorders that afflict the gut and lead to poor immune system performance, including excessive yeast growth, dysbiosis (an imbalanced microbiome where harmful microbes far outnumber the beneficial ones), and excessive gut permeability (which allows dangerous germs, microbes, and toxins to invade the blood stream).<BR><BR> Showing how to treat these conditions holistically without damaging and compromising your gut and immune system, Dr. Cook shares powerful yet natural remedies like herbs, essential oils, and nutritional supplements. She looks at the role of probiotics and fermented foods in immunity, providing an extensive examination of how and why they work. She examines new research about particular probiotic strains that are effective against even the most drug-resistant health conditions like MRSA and C. difficile. She explains the often-invisible, immune-depleting damage caused by antibiotic use and what to do immediately if you’re taking antibiotics or have suffered damage from having done so. She also offers a detailed four-week plan for healing the gut and obtaining—and sustaining—optimum immune system function.<BR><BR> Explaining all of the necessary research-backed tools and techniques, this guide empowers you to take charge of your gut health, transform your immune system, and achieve vibrant health.

Microbiota Brain Axis: A Neuroscience Primer provides neuroscience researchers with a comprehensive guide on how to conduct effective microbiota-brain research, understand the appropriate methodologies, and collect and analyze microbiota data. The book begins with an introduction to the importance of the microbiota-brain communication in development and how microbiota impact neurodevelopmental disorders, mental health and neurodegeneration. In addition, the book discusses advances in microbiota analysis tools and techniques for neuroscience related research.

Hubo un tiempo, hace aproximadamente 5000 años, en el que los paisajes femeninos eran venerados. Una época en la que el espacio entre los muslos de una mujer se consideraba un portal de poder con una conexión directa a la Fuente.Amar tu paisaje de mujer es un viaje de retorno y sanación a través del terreno de lo que realmente significa ser mujer. En sus páginas Lisa nos regala una miríada de herramientas y prácticas que nos ayudarán a liberarnos de la culpa y la vergüenza, explorar el autoplacer y la sensualidad, descubrir el arte sacro de recibir, y recuperar nuestra auténtica voz para expresar nuestras necesidades y nuestros deseos.Una obra fascinante que invita a las mujeres a establecer una relación ferozmente amorosa y curativa con su cuerpo y les muestra cómo usar sus ciclos, en sincronía con los de la naturaleza, para crear una vida cargada de vitalidad, plenitud y creatividad.Un libro poderoso y oportuno ?cargado de humor, rebeldía y lucidez? que nos enseña cómo conectarnos con la sabiduría de nuestros cuerpos para sanar, reequilibrar y transformar nuestras vidas.

This book caters to the need of researchers working in the ever-evolving field of agricultural biotechnology. It discusses and provides in-depth information about latest advancements happening in this field. The book discusses evolution of plant tissue culture techniques, development of doubled haploids technology, role of recombinant-DNA technology in crop improvement. It also provides an insight into the global status of genetically modified crops, use of RNAi technology and mi-RNAs in plant improvement. Chapters are also dedicated for different branches of 'omics' science including genomics, bioinformatics, proteomics, metabolomics and phenomics along with the use of molecular markers in tagging and mapping of various genes/QTLs of agronomic importance. This book also covers the role of enzymes and microbes in agriculture in productivity enhancement. It is of interest to teachers, researchers of biotechnology and agriculture scientists. Also the book serves as additional readingmaterial for undergraduate and postgraduate students of biotechnology, agriculture, horticulture, forestry, ecology, soil science, and environmental sciences. National and international biotechnologists and agricultural scientists will also find this to be a useful read.

Volume Two advances the exploration of the fundamental principles of oxidative stress and toxicity on male (and female) reproduction. It includes the advances in research on male reproductive health, the impact of environmental factors, the protective measures using bioactive compounds and traditional medicines, and how to limit toxic exposure. It includes coverage of: Oxidative stress and male infertilityEnvironmental stressors and sexual healthHeavy metals, pesticides, fine particle toxicity and male reproductionProtective measures against oxidative stress in gametes/embryos by using bioactive compounds/phytomedicines in Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)Role of reactive oxygen species on female reproductionRadiation and mutagenic factors affecting the male reproductive systemBoth volumes provide a comprehensive look at the most basic concepts and advanced research being conducted by world famous scientists and researchers in male infertility and reproduction.

The book provides readers the informatics and data-driven models for the discovery of personalized excise prescriptions applied to different cases. Overdiagnosis or over-treatment often happened since the complex interaction among the lifestyle, genetic, and environmental factors. Sports and exercise are reported efficient to prevent or reduce the risk of diseases, but the interactions between sports/exercise and disease are personalized and complex. Translational informatics is a powerful paradigm and it promotes the transfer of big data, knowledge and models to the precision application of sports to prevent diseases. Sports and exercise may have different effects on diverse diseases including cancers, neurodegenerative disease, and cardiovascular diseases, etc. This book covers many modern informatics models such as ontologies, knowledge graphs, blockchain, participatory medicine, semantic artificial intelligence, big data modeling, and so on. It also describes the challenges for the sports and exercise medical data sharing and standardization, the privacy protection of data as well as the integration of data from genomic level to physiological phenotype level. This book will be helpful to the readers who are interesting in sports and exercise medicine, healthcare, big data modeling, artificial intelligence in medicine and healthcare.

This volume offers an up-to-date overview of essential concepts and modern approaches to computational modelling, including the use of experimental techniques related to or directly inspired by them. The book introduces, at increasing levels of complexity and with the non-specialist in mind, state-of-the-art topics ranging from single-cell and molecular descriptions to circuits and networks.Four major themes are covered, including subcellular modelling of ion channels and signalling pathways at the molecular level, single-cell modelling at different levels of spatial complexity, network modelling from local microcircuits to large-scale simulations of entire brain areas and practical examples. Each chapter presents a systematic overview of a specific topic and provides the reader with the fundamental tools needed to understand the computational modelling of neural dynamics.This book is aimed at experimenters and graduate students with little or no prior knowledge of modelling who are interested in learning about computational models from the single molecule to the inter-areal communication of brain structures. The book will appeal to computational neuroscientists, engineers, physicists and mathematicians interested in contributing to the field of neuroscience.Chapters 6, 10 and 11 are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

This volume provides a practical guide providing step-by-step protocol to design and develop vaccines for human diseases. Divided into three volumes, Volume 1: Vaccines for Human Diseases guides readers through an introductory section on future challenges for vaccinologists and the immunological mechanism of vaccines. Chapters focus on design of human vaccines for viral, bacterial, fungal, and parasitic diseases as well as tumor vaccines. Written in the format of the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, each chapter includes an introduction to the topic, lists necessary materials and reagents, includes tips on troubleshooting and known pitfalls, and step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols.Authoritative and practical, Vaccine Design: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition, Volume 1: Vaccines for Human Diseases aims to be a useful practical guide to researchers to help further their study in this field.

More than fifty years after its initial discovery by Rita Levi Montalcini and Stanley Cohen and the proposal of the neurotrophic theory, nerve growth factor (NGF) has become the prototype of a family of biologically active molecules called neurotrophic factors (NTFs).This book addresses important advances in NTF research, from basic science to clinical medicine. It focuses mainly on NGF, but also includes individual chapters dealing with the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and ligands of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family, which have attracted increasing interest in the neuroscience community because of their diverse effects in the normal and diseased brain.In the first part of the book, the authors provide the necessary background for the following chapters and discuss the basic mechanisms and pathways of NGF signal transduction. In the following sections, they then examine the regenerative activity and neuroprotective capacity of NGF during development and in normal and diseased tissues in adulthood and discuss the role of NGF in Alzheimer's disease and nociception. In addition, the role of NGF in processing sensory information and its influence on behavior is further discussed. The book concludes with an overview of the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of NTF in psychiatric disorders and obesity management, as well as a highlight of NGF research in veterinary medicine. Many of the authors of this volume participated in the Second International Rita Levi-Montalcini Meeting, held in Bologna, Italy, in 2019. The book covers a wide range of important topics in past and current NTF research and will appeal to basic researchers and clinicians alike.

This book focuses on a development for assessing mental changes using eye pupil reactions, namely extracting emotional change from the response to evaluate the viewer's interest in visual information. The pupil of the eye reacts to both brightness and emotional state, including interest, enjoyment, and mental workload. Because pupillary change is a biological signal, various artifacts influence measurements of eye images. Technical procedures are required to extract mental activities from pupillary changes, and they are summarized here step by step, although some procedures contain earlier techniques such as analog video processing. This study examines the possibility of estimating the viewer's interest and enjoyment of viewing movies by measuring the dynamic pupillary changes, blinking, and subjective interest responses. In evaluation of pupil size, there was a significant difference in pupil size between the higher and the lower shot for the degree of subject interest response in each kind of movies. The first part of the book shows a pupil reaction model for brightness changes to extract mental activities. Pupil reactions were observed for various visual stimuli in brightness changes. With regard to the characteristics of pupillary changes, a model with a three-layer neural network was developed and the performance was evaluated. Characteristics of pupil reactions during model development are summarized here. The second part examines the possibility of estimating the viewer's interest and enjoyment of television programs by measuring dynamic pupillary changes, blinking, and subjective interest responses. The final part describes a development of estimation model of pupil size for blink artifact. The model development was able to estimate pupillary changes and pupil size while the viewer was blinking and was applied to pupillary changes in viewing television programs.

Global health has been challenged with the dawning of the era of the obesity epidemic, and thus as a consequence, strategies to reduce obesity have become public health priorities. According to the United Nations, obesity has been identified as a concern for achieving Sustainable Development Goals. Obesity is a serious health problem with an increased risk of several common diseases including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Although the fundamental cause of obesity and overweight is an imbalance between calorie intake and calorie expenditure, the underlying biochemical and metabolic processes that cause obesity are not fully understood.Two earlier volumes dedicated to the subject of obesity, published in the series "Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease" focused on the pathophysiology of obesity-induced health complications and the biochemistry of cardiovascular dysfunction in obesity. This book brings together contributions from international experts in the field to describe advancements on the mechanisms leading to development of obesity and related complications. There are 21 chapters in two different parts in this book, comprising of Part I: Pathophysiologic Mechanisms of Obesity (11 chapters) and Part II: Therapeutic Mechanisms of Obesity (10 chapters). This book will serve as a resource and be of interest to health professionals, medical students, fellows, residents and graduate students. It will also evoke innovative research and effective approaches for the prevention of obesity. This volume will accentuate that obesity is a major health hazard in its own right and that appropriate public health measures should be implemented to prevent or reduce or even reverse the impact of this global chronic disease.

This book discusses the organ-specific systemic manifestations of COVID-19. The initial chapters of the book review the origin and evolution of the coronaviruses, followed by pathogenesis and immune response during COVID-19 infection. The book also provides insight into the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in the onset of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pathogenesis. It summarizes the neurological aspects of SARS-CoV2, including transmission pathways, mechanisms of invasion into the nervous system, and mechanisms of neurological disease. It also delineates the association of severe disease with high blood plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory markers in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Lastly, it discusses the perturbation of gut microbiota by SARS-CoV-2 and uncovers the potential risk of virus infection on reproductive health.

This book is a treatise on cardiomyocytes, the most important cell for the contractile function of the heart. There has been significant progress in our understanding of the function-related structure, developmental processes and their determinants, mechanisms of cell cycle regulation, post-natal growth, energy metabolism, and reversible and irreversible response of cardiomyocytes to diverse forms of physiological stress and injury. There is also more clarity on the alterations in the biological mechanisms in cardiomyocytes that lead to pathological states and the changes in the cells that occur secondary to disease conditions. Thanks to these advances in knowledge, there have been great gains in attempts to identify disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets for better management of patients with heart diseases. Possibilities to induce regeneration or proliferation of cardiomyocytes and thus repair and or regenerate the damaged heart are also on the horizon.

This book introduces nanoparticles as a powerful platform for vaccine design. Current challenges in vaccine development are discussed and the unique advantages nanoparticles provide in overcoming these challenges are explored. The authors offer fascinating insights into the immunological assets of using nanoparticles as delivery vehicles or adjuvants and present different materials that are being used in nanoparticle-based vaccine development, covering peptides, proteins, polymers, virus-like particles, and liposomes.Its contemporary research insights and practical examples for applications make this volume an inspiring read for researchers and clinicians in vaccinology and immunology. Chapter "Liposome Formulations as Adjuvants for Vaccines" is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

This new edition explores lab protocols describing new techniques to study cytotoxic T-cells (CTLs), as well as chapters of a more general discursive nature, all with an emphasis on the use of systems biology in immunology. Beginning with phenotypical characterization of CTL populations, the volume continues with in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity assays, methods to detect senescent T cells, in vivo and in vitro models to understand immune and bone cells cross-talk, microscopy and in vivo imaging, as well as "Omics" approaches and molecular methods, concluding with chapters on CTL involvement in transplantation and link microbiota-immunity. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters feature the kind of detail and key implementation advice for best results in the lab. Authoritative and up-to-date, Cytotoxic T-Cells: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition serves as an ideal guidefor researchers working with these vital cells.

Precision Medicine and the Learning Health System.- What is Informatics?.- What is Mental Health?.- Epistemological Differences between the Behavioral and Biological Sciences.- What is Mental Health Informatics?.- Big Picture: Process View of Mental Health Care Delivery.- Introduction to Technologies for Data Acquisition in Mental Health.- Informatics Technologies for the Acquisition of Biological Data.- Informatics Technologies for the Acquisition of Psychological and Behavioral Data.- Informatics Technologies for the Acquisition of Interpersonal, Social and Environmental Data: The Exosome.- Informatics Technologies for the Acquisition of Population Level Data.- Introduction to Methods for Extracting Meaningful Information from Data in Mental Health.- Concept and Knowledge Representation to Transform Data into Information in Mental Health.- Bioinformatics Methods in Mental Health Research and Practice.- Psychometric Methods.- Computational Models and Analytic Methods.- Natural Language Processing in Mental Health Research and Practice.- Introduction to Paradigms for Knowledge Discovery in Mental Health.- Paradigms for Knowledge Discovery in Clinical and Research Data Repositories.- Biomarker Discovery.- Data Visualization.- Inferential Analysis and Predictive Modeling.- The Role of Biological Information in Mental Health Research and Practice.- Electronic Health Record (EHR) Systems in Mental Health.- Computerized Clinical Decision Support in Mental Health.- Informatics Technologies in Detection and Diagnosis of Mental Health Conditions.- Informatics Technologies in Prevention and Treatment of Mental Health Conditions.- Informatics Technologies for Care Coordination and Continuity of Care.- Informatics Technologies to Improve Patient Safety in Mental Health.- Registries.- Disseminating Newly Acquired Knowledge.- Ethical Legal and Social Issues (ELSI).- The Future of Mental Health Informatics.

Clinical Obesity in Adults and Children A comprehensive and incisive exploration of obesity in society and the clinical setting In the newly revised Fourth Edition of Clinical Obesity in Adults and Children, a team of expert medical practitioners deliver a comprehensive exploration of the increasingly widespread disease of obesity. The book discusses topics such as the causes of obesity, the disease-model of obesity, the management of adult and childhood obesity, and policy approaches to obesity. Designed to enable readers to better understand the full complexity of obesity - both within society and in the clinical setting - the book discusses a disease that is the leading cause of ill health around the world. The editors have included contributions from leading international experts in their respective fields that address every major aspect of this often misunderstood disease. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: - Introductions to the history and scale of the obesity problem across the world and its epidemiology and social determinants - Comprehensive explorations of those affected by obesity, including fetal and infant origins, genetic causes, bias and stigma encountered by those affected by obesity, and the psychobiology of obesity - Practical discussions of obesity as a disease, including its co-morbidities of dyslipidemia, fertility, cardiovascular consequences, and obstructive sleep apnea - In-depth examinations of the management of obesity in adults and children, including contemporary approaches to clinical and dietary management, and behavioral treatments Perfect for doctors and allied health professionals who regularly work with patients suffering from obesity, Clinical ;Obesity in Adults and Children will also earn a place in the libraries of health researchers and scholars studying obesity and nutrition, dieticians, nutritionists, and anyone else with a professional interest in an increasingly prevalent health problem.

Leading researchers are specially invited to provide a complete understanding of a key topic within the multidisciplinary fields of physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology. In a form immediately useful to scientists, this periodical aims to filter, highlight and review the latest developments in these rapidly advancing fields.¿

This book presents the latest knowledge on both the physiological and the microbiological aspects of wound healing. Fresh insights into the process of cutaneous wound healing are described, which involves tissue regeneration and repair processes consisting of a sequence of molecular and cellular events. The management of infected wounds is then discussed in detail, covering the roles of traditional medicine practices, novel anti-infective formulations, non-antibiotic approaches, and probiotic bacteria. A section devoted to the interdisciplinary approach to wound care addresses topics including in vitro and in vivo research models, the development of advanced wound dressings, tissue engineering, and the potential applications of bioscaffolds. The authors are all leading researchers in the field. This book is an attempt to showcase current research status and future directions in the area of wound-healing research, which must be of interest to a large group ofreaders and researchers interested in this field.

This edited book brings out a comprehensive collection of information on the modern omics-based research. The main focus of this book is to educate researchers about utility of omics-based technologies in rapid crop improvement. In last two decades, omics technologies have been utilized significantly in the area of plant sciences and has shown promising results. Omics technology has potential to address the challenge of food security in the near future. The comprehensive use of omics technology occurred in last two decades and helped greatly in the understanding of complex biological problems, improve crop productivity and ensure sustainable use of ecosystem services. This book is of interest to researchers and students of life sciences, biotechnology, plant biotechnology, agriculture, forestry, and environmental sciences. It is also a useful knowledge resource for national and international agricultural scientists.