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Ordinary people of antiquity interacted with the supernatural through a mosaic of beliefs and rituals. Exploring everyday life from 200 BCE to the end of the first century CE, Robert Knapp shows that Jews and polytheists lived with the gods in very similar ways. Traditional interactions provided stability even in times of crisis, while changing a relationship risked catastrophe for the individual, his family, and his community. However, people in both traditions did at times leave behind their long-honored rites to try something new. The Dawn of Christianity reveals why some people in Judea and then in the Roman and Greek worlds embraced a new approach to the forces and powers in their daily lives.<BR><BR>Knapp traces the emergence of Christianity from its stirrings in the eastern Mediterranean, where Jewish monotheism coexisted with polytheism and prayer mixed with magic. In a time receptive to prophetic messages and supernatural interventions, Jesus of Nazareth convinced people to change their beliefs by showing, through miracles, his direct connection to god-like power. The miracle of the Resurrection solidified Jesus's supernatural credentials. After his death, followers continued to use miracles and magic to spread Jesus's message of reward for the righteous in this life and immortality in the next.<BR><BR>Many Jews and polytheists strongly opposed the budding movement but despite major setbacks Christianity proved resilient and adaptable. It survived long enough to be saved by a second miracle, the conversion of Emperor Constantine. Hand in hand with empire, Christianity began its long march through history.

Zum 20. Regierungsjubiläum erhielt Kaiser Konstantin das wohl aufwändigste Geschenk seines Lebens: Einen Codex kunstvoller Gitter- und Figurengedichte, die ihm der Dichter Optatian hat schicken lassen. Optatians Gedichte zeugen vom poetischen Talent ihres Schöpfers und übersteigen die klassische Kommunikationssituation einer Lobrede: Sie bilden die literarische Einladung zu einer intellektuellen Gemeinschaft zwischen laudator und laudandus.

New scientific methods offer new insights in the past. Promising opportunities for archaeology and historiography are confronted with the challenges of interdisciplinary cooperation between the sciences and the humanities. This volume presents contributions by European researchers, arranged in four sections: fundamental questions of archaeology and biosciences, migrations, transformations, and social structures.

Since the dawn of humanity, people have developed concepts about themselves and the natural world in which they live. This volume aims at investigating the construction and transfer of such concepts between and within various ancient and medieval cultures. The single contributions try to answer questions concerning the sources of knowledge, the strategies of transfer and legitimation as well as the conceptual changes over time and space. After a comprehensive introduction, the volume is divided into three parts: The contributions of the first section treat various theoretical and methodological aspects. Two additional thematic sections deal with a special field of knowledge, i.e. concepts of the moon and of the end of the world in fire.

Im 18. Jahrhundert entstanden in Düsseldorf und Göttingen die erste fürstliche bzw. die erste universitäre Sammlung von Abgüssen antiker Plastik auf deutschem Boden. Die Studie rekonstruiert die Erwerbungsgeschichte beider Sammlungen erstmals systematisch auf Grundlage archivalischer Quellen und zeichnet zugleich ein Bild der Rezeption von antiker Kunst zwischen Absolutismus und Aufklärung.

So vielfältig und zahlreich zeitliche Inkonsistenzen in Ovids "Metamorphosen" sind, so unscharf und divers ist auch das Bild, das sich in bisherigen Deutungen zu diesen oft Anachronismen genannten Textphänomenen zeigt. In dieser Arbeit wird anhand fiktions- und sprachtheoretischer Überlegungen eine systematische Neubewertung unternommen, die der ambitionierten Ästhetik des Gedichts sowohl theoretisch als auch textanalytisch Rechnung trägt.

South Africa; Volume II, a classical book, has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we at Alpha Editions have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies of their original work and hence the text is clear and readable.

Das Ringen der Gegenpäpste vervielfältigte von der Spitze aus die Strukturen der mittelalterlichen Kirche. Der Band rückt diese zeitweilige Uneindeutigkeit der päpstlichen Hierarchie in den Mittelpunkt und betrachtet die Mechanismen der Verdopplung, der Autoritätsbehauptung und Autoritätszuweisung in historischer, kirchenrechtlicher, ekklesiologischer, zeremonieller und historiografischer Perspektive.

This book challenges the definition of a new approach for integrating protection and enhancing the Chinese heritage category of "Traditional Villages". By applying a specific case study in the Hancheng context, Shaanxi Province, which lacks sound studies, the book formulates new theoretical prerequisites for future re-searches, an in-depth knowledge path, and sound methodological principles. By working in a multiple scales approach, the object of preservation and enhancement is first of all redefined in its ontology as a unity formed by the courtyard type, the morphology of the village, and the related landscape structures. All these three levels of study have been deeply investigated, put into the relationship and resulting in a new methodology which overcomes the inadequacy and ineffectiveness of the notion of "setting" deriving from conservation Charters, to embrace the structural notion of "context" and a knowledge approach to rural settlements' form. The innovative and original features of this book are both in the reading villages in their landscape dimension, which in turn is studied as a context made of several interrelated structures. Another original feature of the book is the integration of Italian historic-structural and morphological methodologies with specific Chinese cultural aspects. The author's work dug deeply and interdisciplinary in all those dimensions to account for the complex issues that are related and embodied in both the physical and intangible meaning of human settlements, opening a novel scientific methodology for Chinese studies as a sound base to define three key integrated project actions: what, why, how to preserve, enhance, develop.

Volumes VIII / 4 and 5 include a reconstruction of the first and second version of the second book (On Man) of the Sacra (Paralella), a florilegium compiled by a monk named John at the beginning of the 7th century, erroneously attributed to John of Damascus. The version includes 2293 texts taken from the Bible, the Church Fathers, Philo of Alexandria, and Flavius Josephus.

South Africa; Volume I, a classical book, has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we at Alpha Editions have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies of their original work and hence the text is clear and readable.

Personennamen bewegen sich oft zwischen den Sprachen. Dieser Band vereint Untersuchungen über Interferenzen in Namensystemen im Mittelalter; der Schwerpunkt liegt dabei auf dem Merowinger- und Karolingerreich undItalien. Ausblicke auf jüdische Namentraditionen auf der Iberischen Halbinsel sowie auf Namenbeziehungen in Skandinavien, England und Litauen erlauben eine erweiterte Perspektive.

Die Archäologien gelten als junge Wissenschaften. Die Autorin kann in einer zweibändigen Wissenschaftsgeschichte diese Ansicht gründlich revidieren und die Entwicklung archäologischer Methoden seit der Antike sowie die Ursachen für heutige nationale Unterschiede und die fachliche Differenzierung am Beispiel der Ur- und Frühgeschichte aufzeigen. Band 2 behandelt die Zeit von der Gründung der ersten nationalen Institutionen 1632 bis 1852.

Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2023 im Fachbereich Weltgeschichte - Frühgeschichte, Antike, Universität Mannheim, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Bedeutung der Partherfeldzüge für das Kaisertum des Septimius Severus. Um knapp in die drei Hauptquellen zur severischen Zeit - Cassius Dio, Herodian und die Historia Augusta - einzuführend, beginnt die Arbeit mit einem Quellenüberblick (Kapitel 1). In Kapitel 2 und 3 wird zunächst der Verlauf der beiden Partherfeldzüge kurz vorgestellt und die Frage nach den Gründen für die Invasionen gestellt. Im Anschluss daran werden die Maßnahmen diskutiert, die Severus in Folge der beiden Partherfeldzüge getroffen hat. Da aus den Quellen nicht genau hervorgeht, welche Maßnahme zu welchem Zeitpunkt getroffen wurde, werden die Maßnahmen des Ersten und des zweiten Feldzuges in diesem Kapitel gemeinsam diskutiert. Im letzten Kapitel vor dem Fazit wird dann die Frage nach der Bedeutung der Partherfeldzüge gestellt. Diese wird in drei Dimensionen analysiert: politisch-militärischen Dimension, der propagandistischen Dimension und der machtpolitischen Dimension. Als Standardwerk über das Kaisertum des Septimius Severus gilt Anthony Birleys 1971 erschienene Monographie "Septimius Severus. The African Emperor", welches bereits im Titel Bezug auf Severus' Herkunft als erster aus Afrika stammenden Kaiser nimmt. Die deutschsprachige Biographie "Septimius Severus" Biographie aus der Feder von Jörg Spielvogel erschien im Jahr 2006.

In deze kroniek vernoemd naar de 3 broers die Kiev zouden hebben gesticht wordt de geschiedenis van deze bijzondere stad geschetst vanaf de oude Steentijd tot heden. Dit grensland bevindt zich thans op een breukvlak en heeft alles in zich om een succes te worden of helemaal te falen. In de 11e eeuw was Kiev de parel van Europa en de hoofdstad van het rijk Kiev-Rus. In 1240 werd deze stad met pakweg 50.000 inwoners met de grond gelijk gemaakt door Baku Khan, de kleinzoon van Dzjenkis Khan. De inwoners werden afgeslacht of als slaaf afgevoerd. Daarna leidde Kiev als provinciestadje met enkele duizenden inwoners ruim 600 jaar een zieltogend bestaan om vanaf eind 19e eeuw weer uit te groeien tot de bruisende wereldstad die het nu is met 5 miljoen inwoners, waarvan velen illegaal afkomstig uit de provincies om het helemaal te gaan maken in Kiev. De auteur was in februari 2014 aanwezig bij de door de VS geregisseerde coup die het land per saldo weinig goeds bracht. Het land is in een vrije val geraakt en zal de koers moeten gaan verleggen met de EU en met Rusland. Dat vergt een fundamentele herbezinning en verzoening met hun broedervolk.

From an early age, the author has been fascinated by the origins of humanity and the solutions offered by religious beliefs concerning our existence beyond death. Understanding the Bible is critical for Christians, whilst incorporation (as the Old Testament) of the Jewish Torah, the Prophets and the Writings brings a common root with Judaism and also many commonalities with Islam. This book should be fascinating to all 'Peoples of the Book', addressing many questions that arise in the minds of readers of the original Jewish holy scrolls. I have looked at many statements in the Torah and felt puzzled by clear misstatements, and many assertions which cannot be explained - even by invoking miracles. The awesome knowledge we have gained revealing the structure and evolution of the universe proves it was designed by an intelligent entity (aka God). I suggest this knowledge makes it impossible to reconcile the intellect of God as revealed to us, the character of Yahweh as recorded in the Torah and the character of Jesus shown by the Gospels. The coming decade may answer one of our greatest questions - the multiple missions planned to land on Mars may detect lyfe and critically whether its operating system is DNA or something else.At a minimum, I hope it provokes deep thought and further study! For information and maps on this series: truthpublications.co.uk

Mémoires de Mademoiselle Mars (volume I); (de la Comédie Française), a été considérée comme importante tout au long de l'histoire de l'humanité. Dans un effort pour s'assurer que ce travail ne soit jamais perdu, nous avons pris des mesures pour assurer sa préservation en republiant ce livre dans un format moderne pour les générations actuelles et futures. Ce livre complet a été retapé, remanié et reformaté. Comme ces livres ne sont pas des scans des publications originales des auteurs, le texte est lisible et clair.

For the first time during the Early Modern period, ships regularly traveled between and among all of basins that comprise the World Ocean. During this period European mariners ventured into new waters, where they encountered new trading partners, new environments, and new opportunities. In the Caribbean and Atlantic coast of the Americas, European mariners sought everything from pearls to gold to codfish, and in pursuing these resources they fractured Indigenous communities. Entering into the ancient monsoon routes of the Indian Ocean brought European ships in touch with the powerful states and maritime cultures of East Africa and Asia. Converging on the vast Pacific basin both from the Americas and from Asia brought these mariners into contact with ancient cultures, dangerous passages, and newly global trade routes. During this period of globalization and cultural encounters, the ocean provided a means of transportation, a site of environmental hostility, and a poetic metaphor for both connection and alienation. In material and cultural ways, the global sea-routes traveled during this period laid down structures of global exchange and conflict that the world still follows today

Seductio Ad Absurdum; The Principles & Practices of Seduction, A Beginner's Handbook, a classical book, has been considered essential throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we at Alpha Editions have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies of their original work and hence the text is clear and readable.